Quartz

Quartz is a mineral composed of silicon and oxygen, with a chemical composition of SiO2. It is the most abundant mineral in Earth's crust and is resistant to both chemical and physical weathering. When rocks weather away, the residual material usually contains quartz. This is why the sand at most of the world's beaches is quartz. Quartz is one of the most famous minerals on the earth.

It occurs in essentially all mineral environments, and is the crucial constituent of many rocks. It is likewise the maximum varied of all minerals, taking place in all distinct habits, and colorings. There are more range names given to Quartz than any other mineral. One of the most amazing properties of quartz is the ability of its crystals to vibrate at a precise frequencies. These frequencies are so precise that quartz crystals can be used to make extremely accurate time-keeping instruments and equipment that can transmit radio and television signals with precise and stable frequencies.

The tiny devices used for these purposes are known as "crystal oscillators." The first crystal oscillators were developed in the 1920s, and just twenty years later, tens of millions of them were needed each year to supply the military during World War II. Today, billions of quartz crystals are used to make oscillators for watches, clocks, radios, televisions, electronic games, computers, cell phones, electronic meters, and GPS equipment. A wide variety of uses have also been developed for optical-grade quartz crystals. They are used to make specialized lenses, windows and filters used in Herkimers are not diamonds but quartz lasers, microscopes, telescopes, electronic sensors, and scientific instruments.

The material of beach sand is now the material of the world’s most advanced electronic devices. Quartz was first recorded in 300 B. C. by Theophrastus and was given the name κρύσταλλος or kristallos. The origin comes from the word “ice” signifying the ancient belief that Quartz was encapsulated in ice.

These pieces we have are dug out in Spintangi area in Balochistan Quetta and Northern Pakistan